Saturday, June 16, 2012

One divided by Zero = Infinity; Reflecting on Infinitely Large and Infinitely Small Numbers

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"The concept started for me at an early age when my father explained to me that 1 divided by zero was infinity.  Most typically, this isn’t how we approach the understanding, but the logic makes sense, which goes as follows:
1 divided by 0.5 is 2.
1 divided by 0.25 is 4.
1 divided by 0.125 is 8.
1 divided by 0.01 is 100.
1 divided by 0.0001 is 10 000." Michael Rosmer
Source:  http://www.michaelrosmer.com/zero-notation-infinitely-large-small-numbers/  Accessed:  June 16, 2012.
At the above referenced web page is an essay on infinitely large and infinitely small numbers.  I enjoyed how the concepts were presented and perhaps you will, too.


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Here is a related article on division by zero which may be of interest to readers of this post. It is from the following search:  http://onlinelibrary. wiley.com/advanced/search/resultsarticleDoi=10.1002/tea.20287&scope=allContent&start=1&resultsPerPage=20

Challenging Preservice Teachers' Mathematical Understanding: The Case of Division by Zero.  SCHOOL SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS.  Volume 106, Issue 2, February 2006, Pages: 84–97, Sandra Crespo and Cynthia Nicol.  Article first published online : 17 MAR 2010, DOI: 10.1111/j.1949-8594.2006.tb18138.x



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A reminder that this blog links to other parts of the web that are not under my control, so, be sure to use safety precautions and check the links out as you would for any other web site.  Use them at your own risk.
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Reader Contributes an Astronomy Idea


Monday, March 28, 2011 2:34:00 PM PDT 
Here's an opening quote for how a submitted by a reader starts.  Go to the link itself, however as it is more colorful and has the necessary starting information for this science activity.  It is by Kathy A. Miles and Charles F. Peters II.

"Toilet Paper Solar System


     "It's hard to image the vast distances in the universe. We can image twelve inches or ten feet, but 93 million miles is a bit hard to comprehend. Here's an interesting way to get an idea of the distances between the planets and Sun.
"What You Will Need
  • Roll of toilet paper or you may use a blank cash register tape from an office supply store but it must be at least 125 feet long.
  • Different colour magic markers or felt tip pens.
  • A tape measure
  • A long hallway or very large room
  • Optional: You might like to use pictures of the planets if you can get some small enough to fit on your toilet paper or tape. This will add some colour to your model."  Read more

This type of activity enhances science literacy because it helps participants understand large numbers.
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Here's the submission on the post  "Winter Star Party Teaching Ideas"

1 Comment - Show Original Post


1 – 1 of 1
Blogger Mr said...
For younger kids, especially when outdoors, the 'toilet paper' universe is fun activity that is designed to show just how distant the planets and nearest star are. I have used this a number of times with younger scout troops, and it works well.
Check it out at:
http://starryskies.com/try_this/tiolet.paper.html 

Some other Resources for Large (or small ) Numbers necessary for Science and Math Literacy include:

A movie from MIT---> Space, So Close, So Far
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZPHk5qkrLQ&feature=player_embedded#at=403

  1. http://physics.uark.edu/hobson/pubs/00.12.jcst.pdf :  Teaching Relevant Science for Scientific Literacy by Art Hobson
  2. http://serc.carleton.edu/quantskills/methods/quantlit/BigNumbers.html :  Big Numbers and Scientific Notation  by Jennifer M. Wenner, Geology Department, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh
  3. http://www.vendian.org/envelope/ by  - Mitchell N Charity <mcharity@lcs.mit.edu> A View from the Back of the Envelope
  4. http://www.vendian.org/mncharity/cosmicview/ 
    Cosmic View: The Universe in 40 Jumps by Kees Boeke (1957)
  5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kees_Boeke "Cornelis Boeke (25 September 1884, Alkmaar - 3 July 1966, Abcoude) was a Dutch reformist educator, Quaker missionary and pacifist. He is best known for his popular essay/book Cosmic View (1957) which presents a seminal view of the universe, from the galactic to the microscopic scale, and inspired several films"
  6. http://www.yteach.co.uk/index.php/search/results/Dealing_With_Very_Large_And_Very_Small_Numbers,0,0,0,dealing_with_very_large_and_very_small_numbers,25,1,tn,1.html This page has several resources for various science subject areas.
  7. http://www.essex1.com/people/speer/large.html prefixes and suffixes for large and small numbers
  8. http://circle.adventist.org/files/jae/en/jae200163053104.pdf :  Article by Hans-Joachim Vollrath geared to a religious elementary school audience but having many ideas and activities applicable to all wishing to learn about large and small numbers

  9. http://www.lasalle.edu/~smithsc/Astronomy/Units/large_numbers.html Gives examples from other fields (National debt, net worth, mass of electrons) and applies them to help students understand numbers found in astronomy.




















Tuesday, May 8, 2012

Can't find the Help You need? Post your Science Position Reqs with Jay Lang

Can't find the Help You need?  Post your Science Position Requisitions with Jay Lang
http://www.hudsonvalleycd.com/
(and post a copy here in the comments)

One Climate.net features Read-about-it.blogspot.com

Here's a link to the OneClimate.net link on this science education and literacy blog.  Readers here might be interested in some of the posts there.  Enjoy!  (You can join here:  http://www.oneclimate.net/member/register.)

Here's another climate-related link to try:
http://www.livescience.com/20092-climate-change-hellmann-nsf-sl.html 

Monday, March 21, 2011

Science "In the News" on Plant-based Plastics and Science Literacy

Here is a quote from, "In the News," which I have quoted here because otherwise it changes on a different day. It is provided by The Free Dictionary and on todays date is found in the left hand column.

Using current events is helpful in science classes. I was going to address plant-based plastics because at the canteen in the Everglades, they used cups made from plants and that was exciting. Then, here the plant based plastics are being used for the soft-drink industry.

I am not pushing soda (You must use your own science knowledge and skills to make a decision about soda in your diet, but I am commending the company for moving toward a renewable resource-based bottle. That is a good thing.

Quoted material and photograph follow:

"Pepsi Unveils Fully Plant-Based BottlePepsiCo has unveiled what it claims is the first PET plastic bottle made entirely from plant-based, renewable sources. It is not biodegradable or compostable, but it is fully recyclable. Traditional PET plastic is made using fossil fuels, but the new "green bottle" is made from materials like switch grass, pine bark, and corn husks. In the future, it may incorporate orange and potato peels, oat hulls, and other byproducts from the company's food production lines. By drawing on existing plant waste rather than growing plants specifically for this purpose, Pepsico will be making use of some of the estimated 2 billion tons of agricultural waste produced each year. More ... Discuss"


How can you use an article like this to engage students in science classes?

How can such an article enhance science literacy?

Could you use it to encourage students to design experiments based on the ideas they get from reading it?

Can students find related information to help them make judgements based on facts they find out about these bottles? Or, about sodas (pop)?

Could they speculate on making plastics from different plants?


Note that such an article could also give students career ideas:


"The new bottle looks, feels and protects the drink inside exactly the same as its current bottles, said Rocco Papalia, senior vice president of advanced research at PepsiCo."

Did you ever think of doing research at Pepsi or a company like Pepsi? What kind of company would you like to do research at?

Such open ended questions can start students thinking about the role of science in their lives. It can get them excited about learning more science.

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Here are Links to Images and Information on Some of the Sights I was able to see at the Winter Star Party Astronomy Conference 2011

I cannot convey the excitement of seeing the stars the way they appear from the WSP. I linked to images and information found on the web because these links can give you more of a feel for what I was able to see first-hand.

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2003/28/image/a/ (Sombrero Galaxy)

http://www.starrycritters.com/eight-burst-2/

http://earthsky.org/clusters-nebulae-galaxies/omega-centauri-milky-ways-prize-star-cluster (Omega Centauri)
Watching this large, luminous star cluster together with Al and Judi Nagler was an extra special treat. You capture their enthusiasm.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades_%28star_cluster%29 (Pleides)

http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_762.html (Eskimo Nebula)
Compare my avatar to the Eskimo Nebula.
J S Shipman

Create Your Badge
Did the comparison make you smile?

http://www.narrowbandimaging.com/ngc2392_18cass_6303.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crux (Southern Cross)
This was only the third and fourth times in my life I was able to see the Southern Cross.

http://www.omniscopic.com/blog/archive/2006_12_01_archive.html (Orion nebula)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn

http://observing.skyhound.com/archives/mar/NGC_3242.html (The Ghost of Jupiter)

http://www.astrosurf.com/antilhue/NGC2261.htm (Hubble's Variable Nebula)

M82, M83
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_82

http://www.ing.iac.es/PR/science/m83_high.html


...among others.

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

"Wishing You Clear Skies and Sunny Days" -WSP 2011

Under development...more coming...



Under development...more coming...


The Winter Star Party
, long anticipated and suddenly gone, puts us back in the mood of waiting for next year's event. Still, while looking forward to next year, we have plenty of time to reflect on the night sky observations and the talks. We've had our, "Omega Centauri Fix," (Thanks, Al and Judi) , the, Best Brownies in the Universe," (Thanks, Micki), and can go back home satisfied that we had such wonderful nights, despite the wind. And as Jack Horkheimer (1938-2010)always reminded us, we can "Keep looking up."

Tippy D'Auria delighted us with, "Amateur Astronomy- Frustrations and Rewards," ...The tales of different astronomers and their observations and tools, told in a way that still makes us feel part of each spell-binding saga.

Sheldon Faworski gave us an insightful historical perspective with. 'Amateur Astronomy - through the Prism of "Sky and Telescope."' Sheldon pointed out that "Sky and Telescope" archives are available at a very reasonable price ...He showed how they would make a great addition to any school or home library.

Alan Friedman's talk, "Catching Sunlight - The Art and Science of High Resolution Solar Photography," brought us the expertise of an amateur whose photographs are featured on NASA websites and in their exhibitions. More details are found at avertedimagination.com.

Warren Keller


Mark "Indy" Kochte


Al Nagler

Donald C. Parker spoke tales of the Gas Giants in, "The Gas Giants put on a Show."

Mike Reynolds' talk, "Are [You] Sure This Isn't Astrology? Crazy Astronomy Adventures from Around the World," culled adventures from over 30 years experience in astronomy...academics (teaching and research), museum work, NASA, writing... Plenty of exciting experiences were shared.

Russell Romanella gave a talk that should call us to action: "NASA - Exploration at a Crossroad." While he spoke from his experience at NASA of all the accomplishments, he also spoke of the shuttle's last missions. Having grown up in the Space Age, Russell Romanella's talk had me glued to my seat.

I will add the following comment outside the scope of what was presented in the talk: Since we live in a Democracy, we have the power and ability to contact our elected representatives in the White House, Senate, and Congress. Space has created innovations, excitement, industries, jobs, and a national focus, a striving to be top in math and science, and many other great things. These are things we need today as much as when NASA started. Let your voice be heard on this matter: Continue our Space Exploration. You can now even, "tweet," the government, so, there's no excuse. From snail mail, to e-mail, to tweeting, and beyond, let your voice be heard.
http://www.usa.gov/Contact/Elected.shtml.

Bob Summerfield

Keith Venables spoke on, "Preserving Dark Adaptation," and let us experiment, too. He gave us a better understanding of bright lights at night. Take a look at lights all over the World. See if you can put any lights out at night. He spoke to us of a movement to darken the night skies that began in the Netherlands and moved to the UK. He is encouraging everyone the World over to join the Dark Skies movement.

Dan Joyce is greatly appreciated for teaching the skills of mirror grinding needed for reflecting-telescope-making.

In addition, we were able to have informal discussions with ...
Matt Baum
and Al Nagler who both worked on the flight simulators NASA used to train the Apollo astronauts for their safe flight to the moon and back, that is, their safe flight, descent, ascent, rendez-vous, and, what we all waited for on the edge of our seats, the return home. Matt worked on the electronics, especially the cameras and displays, while Al worked on the necessary optics.

Special thanks go to the vendors and manufacturer's representatives that provided wonderful door prizes and who participate in the WSP in many other ways. I invite them to submit their links either to me (Dr. J ) or in the comment lines below for readers to "click: at will.

  • Astro Gizmos
  • Astronomic's
  • Astronomy-toGo
  • APM Telescopes
  • ATIK Cameras
  • IP4AP
  • Bootleg Astronomy
  • Apparel
  • Camera Concepts
  • DiscMounts, Inc. &
  • SFAAA
  • Explore Scientific, LLC
  • Galileo Visions, Inc
  • Hamilton's Name Game
  • Howie Glatter's Laser Collimators
  • Infinitees
  • Meade Instruments
  • Micki's Kitchen
  • Model Optics, Inc.
  • Normand Fullum Telescopes
  • Software Bisque
  • Spirit of the Mountains
  • TeleVue Optics, Inc.
  • Vernon Scope/Yeier Optics


more coming, so come back